by Abby Southers
Transplatin and Cisplatin Isomers are defined as each of two or more compounds
with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and
different properties. Isomers contain the same constitutional elements but the
difference in the arrangement of these atoms can cause major effects on the properties of these
molecules. For instance, Cisplatin is a very interesting anti cancer drug, which has a square planar
structure this allows it to have geometric isomers. An example of one
stereoisomer is Transplatin.
Cisplatin is used to treat a wide variety of tumors for all different cancer types and it is specialised in the treatment of solid tumors. Cisplatin is a cytotoxic drug that is transported through the bloodstream and works by inhibiting cell division by binding to the DNA of the cancer cells.The drug targets the most rapidly dividing cells in the body as these is a property of cancerous cells. This is what causes the side effects of hair loss during cancer treatment due to the hair follicles being very rapidly dividing cells and the Cisplatin binding to their DNA also. The base guanine in DNA binds to the molecule after various reactions the drug performs inside the body.
Resulting in Cisplatin to crosslink DNA. This is what ultimately halts cell division. The DNA employs its repair mechanisms once it has detected its damaged DNA. Once it becomes evident that the cells' DNA is beyond the point of repair due to Cisplatin. The cell activates apoptosis, this is the cell's natural death which occurs as a normal and controlled part of the cell cycle. The geometrical isomer the Transplatin molecule, however doesn’t hold the same medical potential as Cisplatin due to its structure making it more reactive. The reactive nature of this molecule causes it to become deactivated before it can reach the cancer cells DNA. Causing this molecule is clinically inactive.
Cisplatin is used to treat a wide variety of tumors for all different cancer types and it is specialised in the treatment of solid tumors. Cisplatin is a cytotoxic drug that is transported through the bloodstream and works by inhibiting cell division by binding to the DNA of the cancer cells.The drug targets the most rapidly dividing cells in the body as these is a property of cancerous cells. This is what causes the side effects of hair loss during cancer treatment due to the hair follicles being very rapidly dividing cells and the Cisplatin binding to their DNA also. The base guanine in DNA binds to the molecule after various reactions the drug performs inside the body.
Resulting in Cisplatin to crosslink DNA. This is what ultimately halts cell division. The DNA employs its repair mechanisms once it has detected its damaged DNA. Once it becomes evident that the cells' DNA is beyond the point of repair due to Cisplatin. The cell activates apoptosis, this is the cell's natural death which occurs as a normal and controlled part of the cell cycle. The geometrical isomer the Transplatin molecule, however doesn’t hold the same medical potential as Cisplatin due to its structure making it more reactive. The reactive nature of this molecule causes it to become deactivated before it can reach the cancer cells DNA. Causing this molecule is clinically inactive.
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